Here we will focus on the application of zebrafish in modeling human genetic. However, before we can use the full potential of the zebrafish model, we must advance our knowledge of zebrafish diseases and pathology spitsbergen and kent 2003. Zebrafish are widely considered an excellent model system for vertebrate development. The embryo is transparent, thereby enabling visualization and use of labelling and transgenic approaches. A complex of bbs1 and nphp7 is required for cilia motility in. Katsanis will use zebrafish with a mutation in the mecp2 gene to test the effect of mecp2 mutation on target genes and test the effects of compounds on the zebrafish. Katsanis saw only mild effects on head size with kctd alone, and more pronounced ones when his team enhanced the expression of two other genes in the 16p11. To analyze the expression of bbs9 during development, we generated a partial cdna spanning exons 25 by rtpcr from 72 hour postfertilization hpf embryos. We will compare and contrast zebrafish to other animal model. Researchers at duke university medical center transplanted a set of human genes into a zebrafish and then used it to identify genes responsible for head size at birth. In more advanced applications, novel techniques like computational fluid. Rapid identification of kidney cyst mutations by whole exome.
Like other books in the laboratory animal pocket reference series, this guide covers all aspects pertaining to the use of these organisms including their basic biology, humane care and management, husbandry, life support systems, regulatory compliance, technical procedures, veterinary care, and water quality management. A model system to study the architecture of human genetic disease. This fullcolor atlas will aid experimental design and interpretation in these areas by providing a fundamental understanding of zebrafish anatomy. Zebrafish knockout of down syndrome gene, dyrk1a, shows. Katsanis, interpreting human genetic variation with in vivo ze. Katsanis is a professor in the departments of cell biology and pediatrics and holds the jean and george brumley distinguished professorship.
Since 2008, he and his colleagues have created a library of more than 200 types of fish carrying diseaselinked genetic mutations. Bernstein, md, fcap and aviva levari, phd, rn the following recent report is of interest to biological modeling in cancer, cardiovascular, immunemediated and metabolic diseases. This is changing the way medical scientists pursue heart regeneration. Jan 01, 2020 streisingers seminal work describing the cloning of zebrafish was published in 1981 in nature streisinger et al. Pioneering acousticbased, contactfree manipulation techniques e. The video shown below shows zebrafish development from a single cell through about 22 hours post fertilization.
In wgsbased gene discovery approaches, the size of the zebrafish genome forces relatively low coverage. In addition, the zebrafish is increasingly used as a genetic model organism. Thus, the zebrafish is a useful tool in elucidating the function of novel genes. Frazer matthews and hannah edelman take us on a tour of the facility where 30,000 fish help re. A guide for the laboratory use of zebrafish danio rerio. A guide for the laboratory use of zebrafish danio brachydanio rerio. May 09, 2018 animals as model organisms, the silent sentinels, stand watch over the environmental health of the world. This is the first in a twovolume, comprehensive treatment of the methodologies used in researching the zebrafish, an emerging vertebrate model system. The zebrafish danio rerio is a freshwater fish belonging to the minnow family cyprinidae of the order cypriniformes. Finally, a current catalog of known zebrafish ciliary mutant lines is included. The sequencing of its genome and the relative ease with which gene modifications can be performed have led to the creation of numerous human disease models that can be used for testing the potential and the toxicity of new pharmaceutical compounds. I thought, well, i cant measure obesity and i cant do behavior, but i can measure head size.
Nov 30, 2017 katsanis says genetic background could also explain the inconsistency. The book, based on a bestselling charthouse learning training video, has sold more than 6 million copies and inspired people and companies around the world such as southwest airlines, sprint, and nordstrom. The zebrafish has become one of the most important model organisms to study biologial processes in vivo. Kctd is a major driver of mirrored neuroanatomical. The zebrafish embryo has emerged as a vital model system to address the cellular and molecular mechanisms that drive epiboly. The zebrafish has been shown to be an excellent vertebrate model for studying the roles of specific genes and signaling pathways. However the execution felt off for me the book was a little all over the place and i found it difficult to track the dialogue and action of the story. Moreover, because of the ease of inducing new mutations in zebrafish and similarity with the human genome, this organism may be used effectively for. Nicholas katsanis leaders in pharmaceutical business. Zebrafish have been successfully used to screen drugs for use in other diseases.
I thought zebrafish by peter reynolds was a good book. Zebrafish danio rerio as a model organism intechopen. Jun 23, 2010 this book will be of keen interest not only to the typical readers of fish physiology but also to biomedical researchers, toxicologists and developmental biologists. Integrates and synthesizes the biology of the zebrafish under one coverfeatures contributions from the leading researchers in their fieldsreaches a wider audience of researchers and.
This material is from the 4th edition of the zebrafish book. About frontiers institutional membership books news frontiers social media. The zebrafish danio rerio is a valuable and common model for researchers working in the fields of genetics, oncology and developmental sciences. However, the relative difficulty of mapping and isolating mutations has limited the number of new genetic screens. A complex of bbs1 and nphp7 is required for cilia motility. The laboratory zebrafish 1st edition claudia harper. We identified a deleterious mutation g239r that altered a highly conserved amino acid residue in the zebrafish ortholog of type i polyketide synthase pks1 to underlie these phenotypes and showed that expression of the polyketide synthase gene of japanese medaka fish could rescue the otolith deficiency in not1 mutant zebrafish.
This teleost was first described in the 1800s as an inhabitant of the ganges river in india. May 15, 20 katsanis lab does the sameintroducing fluorescent labeling to elements of the zebrafish, which then makes certain parts of the fish glow. As the zebrafish has become an important model organism for the study of vertebrate development and disease, organ function, behavior, toxicology, cancer, and drug discovery, this book presents an important resource for future research. Researchers at duke university medical center transplanted a set of human genes into a zebrafish and then used it to identify genes. In this issue, the article a semiautomatic dispenser for solid and liquid food in aquatic facilities pp. The immune signaling adaptor lat contributes to the. Wei ge, in encyclopedia of reproduction second edition, 2018. The text provides significant updates for working vivarium professionals maintaining zebrafish colonies, veterinarians responsible for. Katsanis s work is a first of its kind and paving the way for faster, more. Interpreting human genetic variation with in vivo zebrafish assays. In zebrafish, 125 of the 163 hsa21 genes 77% are conserved. Mooney mr, davis ee and katsanis n 2019 analysis of single. Using zebrafish to screen potential drugs for use in rett.
A paperback version of the fifth edition, called the zebrafish book. Social impairment in dyrk1aa ko zebrafish was further confirmed by. The 5th edition is available in print and within the zfin protocol wiki. Zebrafish play an important role in research at johns hopkins. Oct 05, 2017 to achieve expression above the baseline of any single transcript, we typically used an injection amount, corresponding to 0. Marjoram l, alvers a, deerhake me, bagwell j, mankiewicz j, cocchiaro j, beerman rw, willer j, katsanis n, tobin dm, rawls jf, goll m, bagnat m 2015 epigenetic control of intestinal barrier function and inflammation in zebrafish.
We tested the hypothesis that disruption of this exon is pathognomonic for isolated dystonia by inducing a series of inframe deletions in zebrafish embryos. The cover image illustrates the delivery of a solution of artemia salina to wild type adult zebrafish. Strikingly, all affected individuals had at least one pathogenic allele in exon 41, including an exonskipping mutation that induced an inframe deletion. Normal anatomy and histology of the adult zebrafish aswin l. A guide for the laboratory use of zebrafish danio rerio, eugene, university of oregon press. The zebrafish danio rerio is a freshwater fish belonging to the minnow family of the order cypriniformes. Adult zebrafish typically range between 2 and 3 cm in. The zebrafish, danio rerio, has become a very important model organism for use in scientific research in a number of different fields.
The researchers showed that partially overlapping microdeletions found in the human patients include a region that contains three genes. The university of alabama at birmingham neuroscientist aims to determine which cells are most important in prompting the diseases initiation and progression. The person who wanted to form a band vita is really mad, but the other kids grow on her and they become friends. Biology, husbandry, diseases, and research applications is a comprehensive work that fulfills a critical need for a thorough compilation of information on this species. Recent improvements in the annotation of the zebrafish genome coupled to a reduction in sequencing costs prompted the development of whole genome and rna sequencing. The method duplicates genetic variants related to the disease in specifically craniofacial disorders in people transfected into the zebrafish. Jan 18, 2006 katsanis chose to investigate a genetic condition called bardetbiedl syndrome, which can cause symptoms such as obesity, vision problems and cognitive defects. Lilianna solnicakrezel, in current topics in developmental biology, 2020. The zebrafish has become a very popular and rapidly growing model in many scientific research fields.
The zebrafish, danio rerio formerly brachydanio rerio, is a small freshwater fish katsanis n, tobin dm, rawls jf, goll m, bagnat m 2015 epigenetic control of intestinal barrier function and inflammation in zebrafish. Zebrafish is a cute book with fun illustrations and a great message. The relative ease of inducing mutations affecting a variety of organ systems has been exploited in numerous genetic screens, leading to new insights for a range of biological processes and assisting the modeling of human genetic disorders patton and zon, 2001. A guide for the laboratory use of zebrafish danio rerio 9789994860579. The zebrafish book a guide for the laboratory use of zebrafish danio brachydanio rerio by monte westerfield, institute of neuroscience, university of oregon older literature referred to zebrafish as brachydanio rerio. Mouse study questions autism genes link to head size. A zebrafish model of the birth defect craniosynostosis provides insights into how the condition develops. Native to south asia, it is a popular aquarium fish, frequently sold under the trade name zebra danio and thus often called a tropical fish although both tropical and subtropical the zebrafish is an important and widely used vertebrate model organism in scientific research, for.
The text includes discussions on development, genetic methodologies, and model applications. Intracardiac flow dynamics regulate atrioventricular valve. Forward genetics is a major strength of the zebrafish system. Cell biologist nicholas katsanis explains why zebrafish have been key in studying a chromosomal region linked to autism. Zebrafish as a model for human ciliopathies sciencedirect. Rapid identification of kidney cyst mutations by whole. Ekker, in brenners encyclopedia of genetics second edition, 20 background.
Jun 02, 2011 in addition, the zebrafish is increasingly used for assessing drug toxicity and safety eimon and rubinstein 2009. Contactless, programmable acoustofluidic manipulation of. Survey of human chromosome 21 gene expression effects on early. The zebrafish allows katsanis to rapidly address the cause and the. He serves on several advisory, editorial and organizational boards and has delivered over 150 lectures in 20 countries. What can a fish tell us about human brain development. As a vertebrate that has many of the strengths of invertebrate model systems, it offers numerous advantages to researchers interested in many aspects of embryonic development, physiologyand disease. This how to book will be a useful practical guide for zebrafish researchers and will complement another related book from this series, zebrafish models in. Among the model organisms, the zebrafish danio rerio is one of the best leading models to study.
A guide for the laboratory use of zebrafish danio rerio, university of oregon press 1995. These are nonhuman animal species which can be used to understand specific biological processes and to obtain informations which can provide an insight into working of other organisms. The next few years will see the completion of large scale initiatives that exploit the. Raphael candelier, phd, laboratoire jean perrin, sorbonne universite cnrs. Crisprcas9 gene editing shows very low risk of mistakes.
As a vertebrate that has many of the strengths of invertebrate model systems, it offers numerous advantages to researchers interested in many aspects of embryonic development, physiology and disease. Analysis of single nucleotide variants in crisprcas9. In the book, four kids go to a band audition who have no musical talent. However, i think my middle schoolers might enjoy this book so i. For color version of this figure, the reader is referred to the web version of this book.
The zebrafish book a guide for the laboratory use of zebrafish danio brachydanio rerio by monte westerfield, institute of neuroscience, university of oregon. Fish study links chromosome 16 genes to head size spectrum. Researchers who study human development rely on animal models, such as zebrafish, to gain insight into growth and movement. He says he tried suppressing kctd in a different strain of zebrafish and found no effect on head size.
Jul 01, 2019 born with a rare, complex genetic condition, he owes his life to zebrafish, the nearly transparent creatures that have become the goto lab animal in countless studies of genetics, development. Here we will focus on the application of zebrafish in modeling human genetic disease. The winner of the 2018 nikon small world in motion video competition shows the development of sensory neurons in. Here we describe a whole exome sequencing wes approach that allows rapid and costeffective identification of mutations. Forward genetic approaches in zebrafish have provided invaluable information about developmental processes. The text provides significant updates for working vivarium professionals maintaining zebrafish colonies, veterinarians responsible for their care and wellbeing, zoologists and ethologists studying the species, and investigators using the species to gain critical insights into human. Kd of bbs genes in zebrafish are reported to cause early developmental. In the neurosciences, social behavior and shoaling has. In situ hybridization with antisense mrna probe generated from this cdna to 11 hpf zebrafish embryos showed almost ubiquitous expression fig. The sequencing of its genome and the relative ease with which gene modifications can be performed have led to the creation of numerous human disease models that can be us. Arlbgfp transgenic line we received thankworthy from brian cirunas lab. Katsanis, with the potential to affect a different number of genes. Hardcopies of the 4th edition of the zebrafish book can be obtained for a nominal fee from the zebrafish international resource center, 5274 university of oregon, eugene, or 97403 usa. Using zebrafish for investigating the molecular mechanisms of drug.
Katsanis and colleagues performed whole exome sequencing wes in over 50 individual organisms from three generations of zebrafish, which allowed robust testing of gene editing effects. Zebrafish is not exactly your typical garage bandespecially because only one member can play an instrument. In this case, each person has his or her own private deletion or duplication, added dr. In zebrafish, we performed whole exome sequencing wes on two generations of offspring. Over the last decade, the zebrafish danio rerio has emerged as a model organism for. Functional analysis of new human bardetbiedl syndrome loci. Knockdown of bardetbiedl syndrome gene bbs9pthb1 leads to. Recent improvements in the annotation of the zebrafish genome coupled to a reduction in sequencing costs prompted the development of whole genome and rna sequencing approaches for gene discovery. In the zebrafish embryo, the blastoderm, consisting of a simple squamous epithelium the enveloping layer and an underlying mass of deep cells, as well as a yolk nuclear syncytium the yolk syncytial layer undergo. In the relatively brief span of only a few decades, the zebrafish has gone. Epiboly entails vegetal spreading of the three cellular compartments. Katsanis will study the effects of mecp2 using a zebrafish animal model, with the goal of developing a new, faster method to screen compounds or drugs for potential use in rett syndrome.
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