Properties of materials, property relations for ideal gasesliquidssolids and liquid vapor phases 2. An investigation into the conditions under which hfc4a may. Thermodynamic properties of the oxides and their vaporization. Freon 4a is nonflammable, has negligible photochemical reactivity, and low vapor thermal conductivity.
Equations have been developed, based on the martinhou equation of state, which represent the data with accuracy and consistency throughout the entire range of temperature, pressure, and density. Kyle, chemical and process thermodynamics englewood cliffs, nj. Appendix a thermodynamic property tables saturation properties of ammonia ip units saturation properties of ammonia using software refprop nist where the equations and constants for ammonia originate from swatzenberg and baehr 1993, eine neue fundamentalgleichung fure ammoniak, dvktagungsbericht, vol. The enthalpy of the pure absorbent and hfc 4a liquid and vapor phase were calculated using other thermodynamic relations2223. Report issued by the bureau of mines discussing the thermodynamics of oxygen and nitrogen. For the hfc 4a study, the t12alpha alpha elimination halflife was short for both cfc 12 and hfc 4a of 36 and 42 min for cfc 12 and hfc 4a, respectively. An overview of the properties and applications of hfc245fa. This table gives the standard state chemical thermodynamic properties of about 2400 individual substances in the crystalline, l iquid, and gaseous states. The thermodynamics of uranium salts and their hydrates estimating thermodynamic properties for nuclear and other actinoid materials using the thermodynamic difference rule tdr. Effects of doping and oxygen nonstoichiometry on the thermodynamic properties of some multiferroic ceramics 349 2. Pdf an international standard formulation for the thermodynamic. Spreadsheet calculations of thermodynamic properties. Gas imperfections and thermodynamic excess properties of gaseous hydrogen fluoride.
A generalized model for the thermodynamic properties of mixtures. Chernyak journal of engineering physics and thermophysics volume 69, pages 573 577 1996cite this article. New tables of the thermodynamic properties of hfc 4a have been developed. The enthalpy of refrigerant hfc4a is reduced from 440 kjkg at 0. The properties of ice are based on hyland and wexler, formulations for the thermodynamic properties of the saturated phases.
Java applet on computation of thermodynamic properties of. For a molecular weight of 32 kgkgmol, determine the mass of oxygen. Refrigerant r4a properties, uses, storage, and handling. Measurement and modelling of the thermodynamic properties of. The thermodynamic surlace of r4a is expressed in terms of a 32term modified benedict webbrubin mbwr equation of state.
International standard formulation for the thermodynamic properties of 1,1,1,2tetrafluoroethane hfc4a for temperatures from 170 k to 455 k and pressures up to 70 mpa, j. Where the photodissociation of molecular oxygen reaction no. It has long been used in a variety of airconditioning and refrigeration applications in a variety of markets. New correlations for the thermodynamics properties of r4a are presented. Thermodynamic properties of oxygen and nitrogen unt digital. Measurement and modelling of the thermodynamic properties of carbon dioxide mixtures with hfo1234yf, hfc125, hfc4a, and hfc32. Lemmona physical and chemical properties division, national institute of standards and technology, 325 broadway, boulder, colorado 80303. Pdf thermodynamic properties of organic compounds augusto. Thorseil department for applied thermodynamics and refrigeration, royal institute of technology, stockholm, sweden received 5 november 1989 a comparison of the refrigerants hfc 4a and cfc 12 has been carried out and the results from a theoretical analysis and from tests with an open piston compressor are reported in this.
Hfc4a is also being developed for use in pharmaceutical inhalers because of its low toxicity and nonflammability. Thermodynamic properties of saturated 1,1,1,2tetrafluoroethane hfc4a t, c p. New readfa st pdf tables of the thermodynamic properties of hfc4a have been developed and are presented here. Thermodynamic properties of oxygen and nitrogen unt. Desktop applications and libraries are provided for calculation of thermodynamic and transport properties of water and steam, and humid moist air. Hfc4a features properties that are advantageous for high valueinuse products and meets the requirements of safetyenvironmental issues. A international standard formulation for the thermodynamic properties of 1,1,1,2tetrafluoroethane hfc4a for temperatures from 170 k to 455 k and pressures up to 70 mpa.
The contribution of the lubricant to the flammability of hfc4a was not well understood. Coefficients for this equation and for the ancillary equations representing the saturated liquid and vapor densities and the vapor pressure are presented. For full table with specific volume, heat content enthalpy liquid and vapor rotate the screen. The enthalpy at the throttling valve inlet is 480 kjkg. Second law, entropy, heat engine and refrigeration cycles material properties state postulate. There are plans to include refrigerants in later releases.
Thermodynamic properties of molecular oxygen govinfo. Hfc4a in solution, hi34a is the enthalpy of pure hfc4a, and hats is the enthalpy of pure absorbent. Hfc4a is nonflammable, has negligible photochemical reactivity, and low vapor thermal conductivity. An equation of state formulation of the thermodynamic properties of. Physical properties physical properties of hfc4a are given in table 2 and figures 2 through 8.
Modeling of state and thermodynamic cycle properties of. Pdf thermodynamic properties of air and mixtures of. New ptichka pdf tables of the thermodynamic properties of hfc4a have been developed and are presented here. Temperatures are given on the new international temperature scale of 1990 lts 90. Table a1e molar mass, gas constant, and criticalpoint properties table a2e idealgas specific heats of various common gases table a3e properties of common liquids, solids, and foods table a4e saturated watertemperature table table a5e saturated waterpressure table table a6e superheated water table a7e compressed liquid water table a8e saturated icewater vapor. It was chosen as the preferred equation of state because it provided the most accurate fit of the thermodynamic data over the entire range of temperatures and pressures presented in these tables. Thermodynamic properties of organic compounds augusto cingolani experimental materialssuccinic, glutaric and adipic acids c.
For the following fluids only software libraries are available. A new form of the equation of state for pure substances and its application to oxygen. Tables of the derived thermodynamic properties on isobars to bar are given, including density. Thermodynamics charts, tables and equations for refrigerant hfc 4a. Thermodynamic properties of hfc4a refrigerant 1,1,1,2tetrafluoroethane engineering ip units equations the modified benedictwebbrubin mbwr equation of state was used to calculate the tables of thermodynamic properties. Thermodynamic properties of zirconium oxygen zro solid solution and its deoxidation by calcium in cacl2 molten salt were studied using a chemical equilibration technique. The journal of chemical thermodynamics 2017, 114, 116121. Measurement and formulation of the thermodynamic properties of. The real gas thermodynamic properties for molecular.
Additional physical property data may be found in other dupont publications. Chemicalthermal stability thermal decomposition freon. A phaseout and transition to hfo1234yf and other refrigerants, with gwps similar to co2, began in 2012 within the automotive market. The equilibrium composition and thermodynamic properties of the products of cyanogen oxygen combustion at input mole ratios of c,n,poz from lo.
New tables of the thermodynamic properties of hfc4a have been. Hfc 4a, coupled with its low toxicity, make it a very efficient and safe replacement refrigerant for. It was chosen as the preferred equation of state because it provided the most accurate fit of the thermo. R1234yf, thermodynamic property, thermodynamic cycle, equation of state. Thermodynamic properties of 1,1,1,2tetrafluoroethane hfc4a 659 in boulder, colorado, usa in june 1991, that comparisons should be made of.
Helium oxygen breathing mixtures are used at depths down to 200 m 3. Thermodynamic properties of copper compounds with oxygen and. A thermodynamic analysis of the new refrigerant in the light of thermodynamic properties of an idealized cycle was carried out so as to measure its performance with respect to that hfc4a under the same evaporating and condensing pressure conditions. Tetrafluoroethane is a hydrofluorocarbon hfc and haloalkane refrigerant with thermodynamic properties similar to. A fundamental equation of state for the helmholtz free energy of r 4a 1,1,1. Feb 26, 2020 freon 4a auto hfc4a refrigerant version 11. Bldg juiv61962 pb161630 ecknlccilote 129 thethermodynamicpropertiesof nitrogenfrom64to300k between0. Pdf refrigerant types, issues, trends and future options. Molar mass, gas constant, and criticalpoint properties. This portable document format \ pdf \ file contains bookmarks, thumbnails, and hyperlinks to help you navigate through the document. Other aerosol applications may use hfc4a where these properties are critical. Thermodynamic properties of air and mixtures of nitrogen. Pdf thermodynamic properties of oxygen in yttriumoxygen. Table a16 properties of the atmosphere at high altitude table a17 idealgas properties of air table a18 idealgas properties of nitrogen, n 2 table a19 idealgas properties of oxygen, o 2 table a20 idealgas properties of carbon dioxide, co 2 table a21 idealgas properties of carbon monoxide, co table a22 idealgas.
A thermodynamic property calculation tool has been developed based on the excel spreadsheet. These tables are based on experimental data from the. Thermodynamic properties calculations from pvt and heat capacity data zthermodynamics properties depend on the state of the system. Thermodynamic properties of hfc 4a in the singlephase region 675. Nist standard reference database 23, refprop thermo dynamic properties of refrigerants and refrigerant mixtures, version 3. The data fit and calculation of constants for hfc4a were performed for chemours at the nist under the supervision. Effects of doping and oxygen nonstoichiometry on the. Jan 22, 2004 this paper describes the application of java programming on the computation of thermodynamic properties of steam and the hfc. Thermodynamic properties of the fc218hfc 4a refrigerant mixture. Thermodynamic properties of helium oxygen mixtures. It must be noted that also toxic effects of contaminants are increased in the hyperbaric environment 10. Values of po and of the gas constant, r, in different units are given in the appendix. Stewart and richard t jacobsen center for applied thermodynamic studies, college of engineering, university of idaho, moscow, id 83843. This is one of a series of reports on the thermodynamic properties.
Tables of thermodynamic properties of air from 90 to 1500 k. Thermodynamic properties of the fc218hfc 4a refrigerant. Table a16e properties of the atmosphere at high altitude 971 table a17e idealgas properties of air 972 table a18e idealgas properties of nitrogen, n 2 974 table a19e idealgas properties of oxygen, o 2 976 table a20e idealgas properties of carbon dioxide, co 2 978 table a21e idealgas properties of carbon monoxide, co 980. Thermodynamic properties of oxygen from the triple point to 300 k with pressures to 80 mpa richard b. A fundamental equation of state for the helmholtz free energy of r 4a 1,1,1,2 tetrafluoroethane is. Table a17eidealgas properties of air table a18eidealgas properties of nitrogen, n 2 table a19eidealgas properties of oxygen, o 2 table a20eidealgas properties of carbon dioxide, co 2 table a21eidealgas properties of carbon monoxide, co table a22eidealgas properties of hydrogen, h 2 table a23eidealgas properties of. Modeling of state and thermodynamic cycle properties of hfo.
Thermodynamic properties of humid air and their application. Properties of materials, property relations for ideal gasesliquidssolids and liquidvapor phases 2. Similar expressions are used to calculate the entropy of the absorbenthfc 1 34a solution. T, heat capacity, speed of sound, and vaporliquid equilibrium data is presented. Substances are listed by molecular formula in a modified hill order. R4a is due to be banned from use in the european union, starting with cars in 2011 and due to be. This formulation is valid for liquid, vapor, and supercritical air at temperatures from the solidification point on the bubblepoint curve 59. The composition and thermodynamic properties of the. A thermodynamic property formulation for standard dry air based upon available experimental p. May 01, 1990 comparison of the refrigerants hfc 4a and cfc 12 b.
Journal of physical and chemical reference data 23, 657 1994. Liquid and vapor densities are included in the thermodynamic tables. Thermodynamic properties of air and mixtures of nitrogen, argon, and oxygen from 60 to 2000 k at pressures to 2000 mpa eric w. Table a1 molar mass, gas constant, and criticalpoint properties table a2 idealgas specific heats of various common gases table a3 properties of common liquids, solids, and foods table a4 saturated watertemperature table table a5 saturated waterpressure table table a6 superheated water table a7 compressed liquid water table a8 saturated icewater vapor. Conversion of the source data the different units and reference levels of the source tables are shown in table 1. While its gwp is about, its chemical properties are like those for r4a, thus. This poorly crystalline compound 14 belongs to the family of socalled polymeric hydrides.
Second law, entropy, heat engine and refrigeration cycles. For the hfc 4a study, the t12alpha alpha elimination halflife was short for both cfc 12 and hfc 4a oxygen tank use in a hospital has a pressure of 1 atmosphere and a temperature of 16 c. Thermodynamic considerations suggest that extralow oxygen ti, with an oxygen concentration of 100 mass ppm or less can be obtained using a molten salt equilibrating with rare earth metals. Properties of these elements and methods of estimating thermodynamic data are presented. At the oxygen free end of composition for the hypothetical corrosion product one has a highly unstable compound, copperi hydride cuh. The properties of ice are based on hyland and wexler, formulations for the thermodynamic properties of the saturated phases of. In this thesis, a new model is proposed based on the modified redlichkwong equation of state in which a new cross interaction parameter between molecular oxygen and water is. Adobe pdf users will recognize the similarity to the. There are also changes necessary for manufacturers of lower pressure refrigerant chillers to adapt their product lines and manufacturing operations for hfc4a. Thermodynamic and related properties of oxygen from the triple point to 300 k at pressures to bar the results of an experimental program are presented in the form of pvt data in the temperature range 58 to 300 k at pressures up to 800 bar.
1613 1320 292 679 1329 1371 810 749 1487 1207 1415 1102 1049 973 759 458 1109 779 811 1533 641 19 1559 569 1075 34 139 1676 465 1260 494